Amar Maruf

 

Amar Maruf

You are certainly familiar with the term above in the title above. And I don't think you'd be surprised if the term has become so frequently heard that it might make us feel less inclined to ask what the two mean. Why is a mar m a ' ruf , and of course na ahi m ungkar to be so famous?

There are at least two reasons. First , because the term becomes a kind of keyword in practicing religion actively, seriously, and therefore, one's religious values ​​can be perfect. Second , because the number of Muslims in this country is ranked first, so automatically, the term is easy for us to hear and read anywhere.

Amar ma'ruf and nahi mungkar are getting louder and louder, especially after being raised as 'collective morals', for example, being one of the organization's agendas. Islamic organizations that have developed in society since before Indonesia's independence, such as Muhammadiyah, NU, Perti, Persis, Al-Washliyah and so on, are istiqomah holding amar maruf nahi mungkar as their religious movement.

Indeed, it is not an exaggeration if amar ma'ruf and nahi munkar become one of the main themes in the discussion of Islam, accompanying the words Iman and Islam. The Islamic elders often liken amar ma'ruf and nahi munkar as 'accomplices', Muslims without doing amar ma'ruf and nahi may be like bodies without 'accomplices'.

Therefore, in the Qur'an, amar ma'ruf and nahi munkar are requirements to become khoiro ummah (the best people), " You are the best people born for humans, rule over the ma'ruf , and prevent the evil . , and believe in Allah . ”

In a simple definition, amar ma'ruf means calling for something that is famous, famous, popular. Ma'ruf literally means known to be known. Arabs call the custom with al-'urf or al-'adah . These two words have become our language, adat. From there, amar ma'ruf, in my opinion, is actually not a call for prayer, fasting, hajj, and other (private) worship that has been specifically mentioned. But calls for good that are collective or social, such as an enlightening education system, a just political system, an economic system that favors the weak, to calls for throwing garbage in its place.

Amar ma'ruf is relative, not absolute, because it is not impossible in one place ma'ruf , in another it is not. To be sure, this call for kindness as long as it does not conflict with other teachings in Islam.

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From the experiences of religious behavior in the community, I see that the concepts of amar ma'ruf and nahi munkar which should go hand in hand, nothing is left out, do not happen much. It is true that amar ma'ruf and nahi wungkar are two different things. But it is not right if we think dichotomously like that. Because, the Qur'an always juxtaposes the two.

Even if there must be a priority ( aulawy ) to operate, then the one who has the right (sorry if this conclusion accepts revision) is the concept of Amar Ma'ruf. And automatically, the concept of nahi mungkar is saved first. Why do I think so? First , Amar ma'ruf is always mentioned first, and nahi mungkar follows behind him.

Second , because the result of amar ma'ruf is not only that people will do good deeds, and at the same time that person will not do bad things. For example, when we are ordered to trade, then we will trade fairly, including complying with trading rules. Then what if in trading we cheat? Obviously, we have violated the trade order. However, our mistakes do not come from the mistakes of those who commit amar ma'ruf.

Nahi mungkar, if it is called a rule concept, is a 'half-hearted' concept. How come? Simple. Nahi munkar, literally, can only stop evil, nothing more. Or at least, the cessation of evil activities, does not necessarily continue with good. It is true that not doing bad is good. But, if the count is a reward, then the reward is only the reward for not doing bad things.

For example, when there is a rule that prostitutes are prohibited from 'practicing'. So if the prostitute obeys, she only gets one 'reward', namely the reward for obeying the prohibition. After not 'practicing', he did nothing. So then what ? Doblong ? If this question cannot be answered conclusively, it is not impossible that he will return to 'hanging out' again. Facts like this seem to have happened and are happening.

Maybe it would be a different story if nahi mungkar was replaced with amar ma'ruf. What about the fiqh rules which read, dar`ul mafasid muqoddamun 'ala jalbil masholih , rejecting evil must take precedence over bringing maslahah? Next time this rule will be discussed separately. God willing.

Akhirul kalam , it is natural that there are people who are more attracted to the concept of amar ma'ruf than nahi munkar. The followers of Islam in this country, usually show their "alignment" to the concept of amar ma'ruf in the form of giving names to people. We often meet people named Amar Ma'ruf, Amir Ma'ruf, or something similar to him. I myself have three friends who bear the name Amar Ma'ruf and two friends named Amir Mar'uf.

On the other hand, I have never heard of, let alone met a person named Nahi Mungkar. I don't think the reason is because it's not beautiful to hear, moreover because it seems to contain ugliness. No, absolutely not. Nahi mungkar is as beautiful as amar ma'ruf and contains absolutely no evil. Both are positive. The only difference is that one indicates the command word (Amar Ma'ruf), the other is the prohibition word (Nahi Mungkar). Then what is the reason?

The reason is as revealed above. Nahi Mungkar's function is very minimalistic, it can only stop people from doing bad things. In short, as a complete regulatory concept, Nahi Mungkar is not effective enough.

I also have never heard of the name of a person taken from the combination of the two, Amar Ma'ruf Wa Nahi Mungkar. The reason is clear, among other things, because it is too long.

So, don't say two different things without the conjunction 'and'. Writing or saying amar ma'ruf nahi munkar is not allowed. Because, the Qur'an wrote it with the connector 'and'. Once again because they are different, and must have different tasks and functions. Wallahu a'lam bisshowab.