Gerhana Kala Zaman Nabi

 

Gerhana Kala Zaman Nabi

In Indonesia, a solar eclipse is not only a natural phenomenon, but also a festival. The Eclipse Festival series was held in Palembang, March 8-9 2016. Meanwhile, in Makassar, the Battu Rattema Ri Bulang Festival was held. The festival in this city combines religious, educational and cultural nuances.

According to scientific forecasts, a solar eclipse will occur on March 9, 2016. A number of countries in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, are expected to experience a solar eclipse. This is a natural phenomenon that is part of the cycle of life.

Then, how the solar eclipse in the life history of the Prophet Muhammad? As recorded in the Nabawiyyah Sirah, a number of eclipses occurred at the time of the Prophet, and were even linked to the death of his son, Ibrahim bin Muhammad.

In a number of narrations, it is stated that throughout the life of the Prophet Muhammad there were about six solar eclipses. The most widely narrated, is the annular eclipse, which occurs when the heart of the death of Ibrahim bin Muhammad, the son of the Prophet from an Egyptian wife, Maryam al-Qibtiyyah. This incident occurred on January 27, 632 AD, in Medina al-Munawwarah. In addition, there are also several eclipses that are full, half and ring-shaped.

One of the narrations mentions that the Prophet straightened people's understanding of the eclipse, because it was associated with human death, or other events. Al-Mughirah bin Shuaib said: "During the time of the Prophet Muhammad SAW there was an eclipse of the sun, that is on the day his son, Ibrahim, died." People then said: "This eclipse of the sun happened because of the death of Ibrahim!", then the Prophet SAW said: "Indeed, the sun and the moon will not experience an eclipse due to the death or life of someone. If you see an eclipse, pray and pray to God" (Sahih Bukhari, 985).

Eclipses: Nature and Religion

There are differences in sharia and fiqh books in understanding the phenomenon of solar and lunar eclipses. There are two terms to describe an eclipse: namely kusuf and khusuf .

Kusuf , is an event where the sun's rays disappear either partially or completely during the day, which is blocked by the moon passing between the earth and the sun. Meanwhile, khusuf is an event in which the light of the moon disappears either partially or completely at night, because it is blocked by the shadow of the earth, and because the position of the moon is behind the earth and the sun.

Most scholars agree that the use of the term kusuf for a lunar eclipse, and kusuf for a solar eclipse. The law of praying eclipses of the moon and the sun is Sunnah Muakkadah. God said, in Surat al-Fusshilat (37): "And some of His signs are the existence of night and day, and the existence of the sun and the moon. Do not prostrate to the sun or the moon, but prostrate to Allah who created them both.

Meanwhile, the basis for the eclipse prayer, which is sourced from the hadith, is the expression of the Prophet Muhammad. “Indeed, the sun and the moon are signs from Allah's signs. Neither of them eclipses because of a person's death or birth. If you find an eclipse, then pray and pray until the phenomenon is over” (Narrated by Bukhari, Muslim, Ahmad).

In the records of the Nusantara cleric, Kiai Salih bin Umar (Kiai Salih Darat as-Samarani), in the book Majmua'atu al-Syariah al Kifayati lil-Awam , especially in the Fashlun fil Kusufaini chapter , explains that the two eclipse prayers are sunnah muakkad. Those who are ordered to follow the eclipse prayer, namely men and women.

It is permissible to pray alone ( munfarid ), and preferably in congregation. This is the summary of the provisions of Kiai Saleh Darat.