Getting to know Rama Guru Syatariyah in Cirebon (1)

 

Getting to know Rama Guru Syatariyah in Cirebon

Travel to more crowded areas. They visit beaches, mountains, markets, old buildings and so on. Culinary is also so lively. Look at the photos on social media. So exciting. Cirebon is no exception. There are magical mega menduh batiks, delicious empal barrels, cool places to take pictures, such as the Sunyaragi cave or the palace.

The trend of visiting places shows a positive sign. Even more positive if you don't stop at "visible" places. Travelers should be taken to dive in, there is history, tradition, language, to science. This is a government challenge. Through this short article, let me take you to Cirebon, to the "nunasa" that has not been given a place in Cirebon.

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In the ancient manuscript "Syatariyah and Muhammadiyah" collection of Mohammad Hilman in Cirebon, there are several names of rama guru (in tareka called Mursyid) from the Cirebon palace or pengguron Kaprabonan Cirebon. Popular names are Abdullah bin Abdul Qahhar who used to be the head of the Cirebon district, Prince Jatmaningrat, Prince Arifudin, and Muhammad Nurullah Habibudin.

Abdullah bin Abdul Qahhar was known as an advisor to the Sultan of Banten in the 18th century, a teacher of the Syatariyah order, and several other tarekat, both in Cirebon, Cianjur, and Banten. The most famous work of Abudllah bin Abdul Qahhar is the book Fathul mulk liyasila Ila Malik al-Muluk 'Ala Qa'idat Ahlis Suluk . In fact, according to the findings of the latest manuscript research, Abdullah bin Abdul Qahhar has also lived in Mindanao (Fathurahman, 2016).

Prince Jatmaningrat is one of the sons of Prince Brataningrat, King Kaprabon III (1766-1798). Jatmaningrat's brother was Prince King Sulaiman Sulendraningrat Raja Kaprabon IV (1798-1838).

Apart from being one of the writers of scripts on religion, primbon, and tarekat, Jatmaningrat is also the leader of the pengguron , continuing the leadership of his father, Brataningrat. According to one source of information, Jatmaningrat was still alive until King Kaprabon VII, Prince Angkawijaya (1918-1946), great-grandson of Prince King Sulaiman (Ridwan, 2012).

Prince Arifudin and Muhammad Nurullah Habibudin were King Kaprabon V and VI. Arifuddin's father was Prince Adikusuma from Lemah Wungkuk, Cirebon. Apart from being a mursyid of Syatariyah, Prince Arifudin Kusumabratawirdja was also King Kaprabon V (1838-1878). Several manuscripts were written during his time, such as tarekat and primbon.

Muhammad Nurullah Habibuddin was also known as Prince Adikusuma, son of Prince Arifuddin, and became the next King Kaprabonan with the title Pangeran Adikusuma Adiningrat Raja Kaprabon VI (1878-1918).

Shaykh Raden Muhammad Nurullah Habibuddin Adiningrat died on the night of Tuesday, Pon on the 27th of Ramadan in the year Dal, 1319 H. or January 2, 1902, in ndaleman Wetan , the grand palace. The next Rama guru, Prince Angkawijaya, King Kaprabon VII and Prince Badriddin who are active in Pengguron Pegajahan, Cirebon.

Pengguron Kaprabonan is one of the places of Islamic learning in the Cirebon palace. This has been true since the time of Prince Raja Adipati Kaprabon (d. 1734) or King Kaprabon I, as crown prince of the first sultan of the first Cirebon Kanoman Sultanate, Sultan Anom Qomaruddin Mochammad Badruddin.

In 1690 his father was given the title of Sultan Pandita of Islam, with the surrender of the guardian royal war clothes. Six years later, in 1696, King Adipati Kaprabon emigrated from the Kanoman palace to the east, according to the socio-political situation at that time.

In 1706 Pangeran Raja Kaprabon, the twin brother of Prince Raja Madureja (later Sultan Anom II Kadiruddin) of Kanoman founded Pengguron Kaprabonan in Lemahwungkuk. Furthermore, King Kaprabon got the nickname Rama Guru Prince Raja Adipati Kaprabon. Pengguron Kaprabon was established with the aim of strengthening the resilience of Cirebon culture and preserving the teachings of Syatariyah Sufism (Prawiredja, 2005: 73-74).